Located in the heart of Europe between Germany, France, and Belgium, the small country of Luxembourg often remains undiscovered by many travellers. Despite its size, the country boasts several must-see tourist attractions and lesser-known marvels. Luxembourg unfolds a remarkably diverse landscape – from the idyllic nature in the North to the industrial southern ambience and the picturesque Moselle vineyards. If you’re planning a trip to Luxembourg’s capital, then this is the perfect article for you! In this ultimate travel guide, we’ll provide all the essential information you need to plan your trip to Luxembourg City. From the best tourist attractions and the best time to visit to practical tips on transportation, accommodation, dining, and cultural etiquette, we have you covered with our ultimate travel guide to Luxembourg City.
Location and Significance of Luxembourg
Being the seventh smallest country in Europe, Luxembourg is a sovereign country and a global financial hub. It’s home to a population of around 660,000 residents and occupies a land area of approximately 2,586 square kilometres (998 square miles). For comparison, Luxembourg’s land area is roughly twice the size of Los Angeles and 3.5 times that of Singapore. The country’s capital and largest urban centre is Luxembourg City, which boasts a population of approximately 132,000 residents.
Luxembourg’s strategic location in Europe has propelled it into a position of significance on the international stage. Its status as a founding member of the European Union and its role as a host to numerous European institutions underscore its importance in shaping the continent’s future.
Originating as a medieval fortress, the city’s strategic position attracted various powers, from the Romans to the Burgundians. The House of Luxembourg played a pivotal role in European affairs during the Middle Ages, and the city became a coveted prize for its formidable fortifications. Over time, Luxembourg witnessed shifts of power from Spanish control to inclusion within the Habsburg Empire. The 19th century marked a new era, as the country emerged as a neutral and independent grand duchy.
5 Unique Things That Make Luxembourg Stand Out
In this ultimate travel guide, let’s delve into the five distinctive features that set Luxembourg City apart from other global cities:
- Grand Duchy: Luxembourg is the world’s last remaining grand duchy. The country is ruled by a grand duke or duchess, a unique title in modern European monarchies. The current head of state is Grand Duke Henri.
- Multicultural Population: 47% of Luxembourg’s population consists of foreign nationals. In addition, 18% of Luxembourgers have a second nationality, showcasing its international appeal and cosmopolitan atmosphere.
- High GDP per Capita: Luxembourg consistently ranks among the world’s highest gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. It’s also the wealthiest country in the European Union per capita.
- Multilingual Society: Luxembourg has three official languages: Luxembourgish (a language similar to German and Dutch), French, and German. This linguistic diversity reflects the country’s international character and is a result of its historical ties to neighbouring countries: Belgium, France, and Germany.
- Complimentary public transportation: In 2020, Luxembourg became the first country in the world to provide free access to all public transport modes. This includes buses, trains and trams, a benefit extended to both residents and tourists.
5 Best Things to Do and See in Luxembourg City
When planning your Luxembourg City itinerary, it’s essential to make the most of your time. In this ultimate travel guide to Luxembourg City, we’ve carefully selected the 5 must-see tourist attractions and experiences to ensure your first visit is truly unforgettable.
Please note that this ultimate travel guide only provides a high-level overview of the must-see highlights in Luxembourg City to get you started. If you want a more in-depth guide on what to do with more tips and pictures, check out our article featuring the top things to do and see in Luxembourg.
Bock Casemates
Explore Luxembourg City’s underground passages, known as the Casemates. Once crucial to the city’s defence, these extensive tunnels now provide a unique perspective on Luxembourg’s military past.
Philharmonie Luxembourg
Take a guided tour of Philharmonie Luxembourg to truly appreciate its contemporary architectural design. This cultural hub offers an intimate insight into Luxembourg’s artistic soul. During the guided tour, you’ll journey from the stage to the backstage.
Grund District
Discover the charm of Grund District, one of the most picturesque tourist attractions in Luxembourg City. Its cobblestone streets and colourful houses create a tranquil ambience, making it a must-visit destination.
Adolphe Bridge
Adolphe Bridge, spanning the Pétrusse Valley, stands tall as an emblem of Luxembourg’s architectural prowess. Its historic significance, as the world’s largest stone arch bridge in 1903, merges with its modern lower deck.
Vianden Castle
While not in Luxembourg City, Vianden Castle is a must-see when you make your way to Luxembourg City. About an hour away from Luxembourg’s city centre, explore the ancient halls and ramparts of this magnificent medieval fortress.
As we mentioned at the beginning of this section, this ultimate travel guide to Luxembourg City only provides a high-level overview of the must-see highlights. There are more must-see attractions in Luxembourg City. Explore our detailed article to learn more about the best things to do and see in Luxembourg City.
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Best Time to Visit Luxembourg City
Perfect month to visit: May
If you’re searching for the perfect time to visit Luxembourg City and explore its tourist attractions, aim for May to September. During this period, the city enjoys warm temperatures and longer daylight hours, creating an inviting atmosphere for outdoor adventures and sightseeing. May, in particular, stands out, with an average of around 6 hours of sunshine daily, fewer crowds, and pleasant weather conditions.
April is also a good time to visit, although temperatures are noticeably milder during this month.
From October to February, daily sunshine hours diminish (to 3 hours or less). While Luxembourg’s festive season exudes charm, it’s important to consider your tolerance for colder temperatures and the potential impact of limited sunshine on outdoor activities.
How Long to Stay in Luxembourg City
Our recommendation: 2 full days
We suggest dedicating at least two full days to your visit for a comprehensive introduction to Luxembourg City. This duration allows you to thoroughly explore the city’s historical landmarks and cultural scene. With around 1.5 days devoted to Luxembourg City itself, you’ll have ample time to appreciate its unique charm. Additionally, reserve 4-6 hours to visit Vianden Castle, a nearby attraction that complements your Luxembourg experience.
If you have the flexibility in your schedule, extending your stay to three full days or more provides a more in-depth exploration. This extended timeframe enables you to venture beyond the city limits. You’ll be able to discover the scenic surrounding regions, such as the picturesque Moselle vineyards.
Where to Stay in Luxembourg City
Popular Neighbourhoods to Stay In
Each of Luxembourg City’s neighbourhoods offers a distinct flavour of the city. Here are some districts that we recommend staying in:
- Old Town (Ville Haute): Old Town is a sought-after district in Luxembourg City due to its historical charm, proximity to major landmarks, and cultural scene. Staying here offers an immersive experience amidst well-preserved medieval architecture, easy access to must-see tourist attractions like the Grand Ducal Palace and Notre Dame Cathedral, and many dining, shopping, and entertainment options in Luxembourg City.
- Kirchberg: As a modern business hub, Kirchberg provides a dynamic environment with contemporary architecture, international institutions, and a range of cultural attractions.
- Grund: Grund is a favoured district for tourists due to its picturesque riverside setting and proximity to the historic fortress. Its easy access to tourist attractions and relaxing natural surroundings makes it an attractive choice for those seeking a unique and tranquil experience in the heart of Luxembourg City.
Hotel Recommendations
As you plan your stay in Luxembourg, choosing the right accommodation is pivotal to your experience. Here are some noteworthy hotel options we recommend:
- Novotel Suites Luxembourg: This contemporary hotel offers spacious suites in the Kirchberg district, known for its modern architecture and European institutions, providing a comfortable base for exploring Luxembourg City.
- Mama Shelter Luxembourg: Located in Kirchberg, this trendy and vibrant hotel offers a unique blend of comfort and style. With its lively atmosphere, stylish restaurant and rooftop bar, Mama Shelter provided an unforgettable stay in the heart of Luxembourg to us.
- Park Inn by Radisson Luxembourg City: Situated in the Gare district, this modern hotel offers a convenient stay near Luxembourg’s main train station. With contemporary design, comfortable rooms, and easy access to transportation, Park Inn by Radisson is an excellent choice for travellers.
Getting from the Airport to the City Centre
Transitioning from the airport to the city centre is a breeze. Here is our recommended option to take you from the airport to Luxembourg’s city centre and its must-see tourist attractions:
- Bus Line 16: This public bus service, also known as Eurobus, provides a convenient route from the airport to the city centre. And the best thing – it’s free! Since 2020, all public transport modes, including buses, are free of charge all over Luxembourg. So, you don’t even need to buy a ticket. Bus line 16 runs every 10 to 15 minutes between Luxembourg Airport and the city centre.
Getting Around Luxembourg City
As you might have read in one of our other ultimate travel guides, we’re all about walking the streets and hopping on public transport when exploring a destination – and Luxembourg City is no different. It’s the best way to immerse ourselves in the local atmosphere and truly capture the authentic beauty of each city.
So, this ultimate travel guide to Luxembourg City will guide you on the best ways to navigate its public transport system. Here’s a breakdown of how to get around Luxembourg City:
Walking
Luxembourg City is a pedestrian-friendly city and the best way to explore the city. The city’s compact size makes it convenient to stroll from one tourist attraction to another. This allows you to soak in the charm of the streets, take in the architecture up close, and discover hidden gems along the way.
Public Transportation System
Utilising public transportation in Luxembourg City provides a swift and cost-free method of getting from A to B. As previously mentioned in this post, all modes of public transport, including buses, trains, and trams, have been complimentary for everyone since 2020, encompassing both residents and tourists. Only a ticket for 1st class train travel or for cross-border trips requires a ticket.
The city offers a well-developed network of buses, trams, and trains that make getting around convenient. The integrated system allows for easy transfers between different modes of transport, ensuring seamless journeys throughout the city and beyond.
Best Things to Eat in Luxembourg City
Luxembourg’s cuisine draws inspiration from its neighbouring countries France, Belgium and Germany. Moreover, the recent influx of Italian and Portuguese immigrants has infused an exciting fusion of flavours into the local cuisine.
Traditional Luxembourgish cuisine is deeply rooted in local produce, with staples like potatoes, fruits, vegetables, meat, and fish sourced from the country’s fields, forests, and rivers.
In this ultimate travel guide to Luxembourg City, we’ll share a few local dishes that you will probably come across on menus during your trip, along with some restaurant recommendations for experiencing the best of Luxembourg City’s food culture:
- Gromperekichelcher (dish): Gromperekichelcher is Luxembourg’s version of a fried potato pancake. They come flavoured with onions, garlic, and parsley, and are a popular street food. We recommend eating them with some apple sauce.
- Bouneschlupp (dish): Bouneschlupp is a traditional Luxembourgish soup made with green beans, potatoes, bacon, onions, and leeks. This rich and flavourful soup is a cold-weather favourite.
- Namur (patisserie): Namur is one of the best patisseries in Luxembourg City and the place to go for the best croissants and tartlets north of Paris. It’s a national institution that will delight every sweet tooth.
- Judd mat Gaardebounen (dish): Known as Luxembourg’s national dish, Judd mat Gaardebounen is a comfort dish featuring smoked pork neck served with a generous portion of creamy butter beans.
- Kniddelen (dish): This traditional Luxembourgish creation consists of little dumplings. They’re made from flour, eggs, and milk. They resemble German spaetzle or Italian gnocchi, but are smaller in size.
- Quetschentaart (dessert): Treat yourself to a slice of this plum tart, a beloved Luxembourg dessert with a sweet shortcrust pastry and a rich custard filling.
- Kuddelfleck (dish): Kuddlefleck is a culinary creation made of crispy fried tripe, the lining of an animal’s stomach. Encased in a golden-brown breadcrumb coating, this dish is typically served with potatoes and a tomato sauce or white wine sauce.
- Bazaar (restaurant): This stylish venue crafts dishes from Mediterranean and Middle Eastern culinary traditions. The restaurant seamlessly blends the best of the Mediterranean. This was our absolute favourite in Luxembourg!
- Restaurant Um Dierfgen (restaurant): Spanning two floors and a sunlit terrace, with simple decor and wooden tables, this restaurant is one of the best places for a good selection of local dishes in Luxembourg City. The great thing is that they also offer options for Vegetarians, such as the non-meat version of Kniddelen.
- OiO – Osteria con Cucina (restaurant): Recognised by the Gault & Millau guide as “Mediterranean Restaurant of the Year 2022”, this osteria boats a beautiful riverside terrace on the banks of the Alzette. They serve delicious homemade pasta.
- Café by Oberweis (patisserie): Authentic Luxembourgish brand Oberweis is well known for its cakes and pastries. They have a vast selection of cakes and tarts that range from extravagant mini cakes to ordinary bakery goods. We particularly liked the Matcha cake.
Practical Information and Essential Tips
Let’s delve into some practical information and tips that will ensure you make the most of your journey. Navigating a new city can be a breeze when armed with essential details that enhance your experience.
Currency and Payment
Luxembourg City operates on the Euro (EUR, €), making it a seamless experience for travellers from the Eurozone.
Major credit and debit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and shops throughout the city, providing you with convenient payment options. This includes popular options like Google Pay and Apple Pay. We found that we could pay by card in every place we visited, so we never needed to withdraw cash.
Power Plugs and Sockets
Luxembourg City utilises the standard European plug types, type C and type F. Voltage supply stands at 230V with a frequency of 50Hz.
Popularly known as the Europlug, the Type C plug is the standard in Europe and has two round pins. It’s used in all countries of Europe except the United Kingdom, Ireland, Malta and Cyprus. Type F plugs are the earthed European standard, with conductive clips at the top and bottom.
It’s important to note that a type C plug fits perfectly into a type F socket. When purchasing a plug adapter for Luxembourg City, either type C or type F will work, although type C is considered the better choice. With a type C adapter, you can easily plug it into a type F socket, but the reverse may not always be possible.
Language and Communication
The official language is Luxembourgish, but French and German also play significant roles as administrative languages. According to a 2018 study by the Ministry of National Education, an impressive 98% of the population speaks French, while 80% are fluent in English, 78% in German, and 77% in Luxembourgish.
The choice of language often depends on the context. French takes the lead in day-to-day communication, especially in trade, hotels, restaurants, and cafes. On the other hand, English has become the language of choice in business and finance. Luxembourgish finds its niche in the political arena, where it is the language of preference.
If you’re interested in learning more about this, have a look at the official Luxembourg website.
Oh, and if you find yourself in need of translation assistance in Luxembourg City, having a translation app at your fingertips, like Google Translate, can be your linguistic saviour.
Climate
Luxembourg City experiences a temperate climate marked by four distinct seasons. Summers are mild and pleasant, and winters are cool to cold. Here’s what you need to know about the climate in Luxembourg City:
- Spring (March to May): Mild temperatures and blossoming landscapes characterise spring. Prepare for variable weather with occasional showers and average daytime temperatures ranging from 10°C (50°F) to 19°C (66°F).
- Summer (June to August): Warm and sunny days beckon during summer. Daytime temperatures average between 21°C (70°F) and 22°C (72°F), with occasional spikes reaching 35°C (95°F).
- Autumn (September to November): As autumn unfolds, you’ll encounter mild temperatures and vibrant colours. Average day temperatures range from 6°C (43°F) to 18°C (64°F), gradually cooling as the season progresses.
- Winter (December to February): Winter ushers in cold days, often accompanied by frosty winds and intermittent snowfall. Expect daytime temperatures spanning from 0°C (32°F) to 6°C (43°F), occasionally dipping below freezing.
Safety
Luxembourg stands out as an exceptionally safe destination for travellers. With its solid economic and political stability, you’ll find yourself in a secure environment. Compared to other European cities, the crime rate is notably lower, and instances of violence are exceedingly rare.
While the overall crime rate remains low, incidents of pickpocketing and bag snatching, though uncommon, have been observed.
Just like in any city, keep a watchful eye on your belongings. Your awareness will go a long way in ensuring a seamless and worry-free exploration of Luxembourg City.
Tipping
When it comes to tipping, Luxembourg City’s customs align with many European destinations. While service charges may be included in some bills, adding a small gratuity of around 10% is customary, if not already included.
Similarly, a modest tip is appreciated by taxi drivers, and offering recognition for exceptional service among tour guides and service providers demonstrates cultural appreciation.
Drinking Tap Water
The tap water in Luxembourg City is of high quality and contributes to sustainable practices within the city. Consider carrying a reusable water bottle during your explorations to avoid the need for purchasing bottled water.
Useful Resources
Best Mobile Apps for Travelling in Luxembourg City
- Mobiliteit.lu: During our city explorations, we found Mobiliteit.lu to be an invaluable tool for navigating Luxembourg City’s public transport system. While Google Maps was reliable most of the time, there were occasional discrepancies, such as outdated timetables. Mobiliteit.lu, the official journey planner by Luxembourg’s public transport administration, filled these gaps. Its real-time updates and accurate schedules ensured a smooth travel experience, making it our top recommendation for hassle-free journeys within the city.
Top tip: For an extensive selection of mobile apps that can elevate your Luxembourg City travel experience (and that are not specific to Luxembourg City), be sure to check out our dedicated article highlighting the top mobile apps for enhancing city exploration.
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Mobile Internet in Luxembourg City
Do you live in the European Union (EU)? When you travel outside your home country to another EU country, you don’t have to pay additional charges to use your mobile phone. This is known as “roaming”. Your calls, text messages and data usage are charged at domestic rates, i.e. the same price as calls, texts and data within your home country. Since Luxembourg is an EU member state, this rule applies to you.
If you’re not a member of an EU state, don’t worry! If your phone is eSIM capable (many of the phones produced in the past few years are), we highly recommend buying an eSIM. Providers such as Holafly and Ubigi offer reliable eSIM options for Luxembourg. We’ve tested these eSIM providers in other countries and can confidently recommend them for a seamless and hassle-free mobile experience during your stay. Our favourite one is Ubigi, though. You can learn more about Ubigi in our article about the must-have mobile apps for city travellers.
In Summary
We hope that this ultimate travel guide has illuminated the many facets that make Luxembourg City a captivating destination. From its charming Grund District to its underground passages in the Casemates, Luxembourg City offers a diverse array of tourist attractions – despite its small size.
Equipped with insights on the ideal timing for visits, recommended durations of stay, and transportation tips, you are now well-prepared to navigate Luxembourg City with confidence. We’re sure that the city’s multilingual character, its unique blend of historical and contemporary elements, and the local warmth and hospitality will make your visit memorable.
Are you ready to delve even deeper into the best that Luxembourg City has to offer? Then be sure to check out our article covering the 12 best things to do and see in Luxembourg City. Incorporating these must-see tourist attractions into your Luxembourg City itinerary will undoubtedly enrich your experience in this enchanting city.
We hope that our ultimate travel guide to Luxembourg City will ensure you have an unforgettable adventure!
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2 comments
Wow, Luxembourg City sounds like an incredible destination! 🌍✈️ I had no idea it was the world’s last grand duchy – that’s so unique! 🏰 And free public transportation? 🚌 That’s a traveler’s dream come true! 😃 The food recommendations sound mouthwatering too! 🍴 Thanks for this awesome guide, it’s definitely on my travel bucket list now! 📝🌟
We’re so glad you enjoyed the guide, Tanu! Luxembourg City is full of surprises, and we’re sure you’ll have an amazing time over there.